Gender-related patterns of comorbidity in patients with chronic heart failure
Sazhina A.S., Kurochkina O.N.
Background: The growing number of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) attracts cardiologists worldwide. Comorbidity has a negative impact on outcomes in patients with CHF. Currently, there is a lack of research examining gender-related patterns of CHF progression in patients with comorbidity.
Objective: Evaluation of the gender-related patterns of comorbidity in patients with CHF.
Materials and methods: The study included 375 patients with CHF with low and moderately reduced ejection fraction based on echocardiography (EchoCG). Patients were divided into two groups: men and women. Comorbid pathology was studied, and the Charleston Comorbidity Index (CCI) was calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using Excel and Biostat, with Student’s t-test and Chi-square tests.
Results: In the study group of patients with CHF, the mean age was 64±11.9 years, and the proportion of men was 71.8%. The mean ejection fraction (EF) according to echocardiography was 33.4±9.8%, higher in women (35.5±8.9%) than in men (32.5±10.02%) (p=0.007). The most common comorbidities were arterial hypertension (AH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Women were more often diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and anemia, while men were more often diagnosed with lung disease and severe liver disease. In the overall group, the CCI was 6.5±2.18 points, in women – 7.4±2.17 points, and in men – 6.14±2.07.
Conclusion: Timely consideration of identified gender-specific comorbidities can contribute to improved medical care for patients with CHF.
For citations: Sazhina A.S., Kurochkina O.N. Gender-related patterns of comorbidity in patients with chronic heart failure. Pharmateca. 2025;32(8):142-146. (In Russ.). DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/pharmateca.2025.8.142-146
Authors’ contribution: Study concept and design – O.N. Kurochkina, material collection and processing – A.S. Sazhina, statistical analysis – A.S. Sazhina, writing – A.S. Sazhina, editing – O.N. Kurochkina.
Conflicts of interest: The authors confirm that they have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Funding: The authors declare no external funding for the study and publication of this article.
Ethical Approval: Study protocol No. 209 dated July 7, 2022, was reviewed by the ethics committee of the Clinical Cardiology Dispensary (Syktyvkar), and a positive decision was made.
Patient Consent for Publication: All patients provided informed consent for the publication of their data.
Authors’ Data Sharing Statement: The data supporting the findings of this study are available upon request from the corresponding author after approval from the principal investigator.
Keywords
chronic heart failure
comorbidities
gender-specific comorbidities
About the Authors
A.S. Sazhina, Cardiologist, Clinical Cardiology Dispensary, Department of Emergency Cardiology-2, Syktyvkar, Russia; a.s.sazhina@gmail.com, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0741-9053 (corresponding author)O.N. Kurochkina, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Therapy of the Medical Institute, Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, Syktyvkar, Russia; olga_kgma@mail.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1595-7692
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