The role of immunodiagnostics in detecting tuberculosis in children from the focus of tuberculosis infection

A.V. Mordyk, M.A. Romanova, N.V. Bagisheva, A.A. Shapran, M.V. Moiseeva, G.V. Tretyakov, T.A. Kolpakova

1) Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia; 2) Omsk Central District Hospital, Omsk, Russia; 3) Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia

Background. Maintaining the rate of decline in tuberculosis incidence among children requires working with risk groups. These include contact persons, including those living in rural areas.
Objective. Assessment of the contribution of recombinant tuberculosis allergen to the diagnosis of tuberculosis in contact persons aged 0 to 18 years.
Methods. A retrospective study based on the Omsk Central District Hospital included 127 children from 29 foci of tuberculosis infection in the district. The examination included a test with a recombinant tuberculosis allergen (RTA, Diaskintest) with an assessment of the result 72 hours after. Children with a positive test with ATP underwent additional examination. Statistical data processing was performed using the Statistica 10.0 software packages.
Results. Diaskintests were administered to 127 children who had contact with tuberculosis (TB) patients. Two children showed a questionable reaction (hyperemia), 7 had a positive test, 3 of them had a hyperergic reaction (papules 15 and 19 mm). According to the results of chest MSCT of children with a positive reaction to ART: in 2 children no changes were detectec Calcifications, focal changes, and enlarged intrathoracic lymph nodes were detected in 5 patients. One child was diagnosed with primary tuberculosis complex.
Conclusion. Children who were in contact with a TB patient and subsequently had a positive reaction to ATP are highly likely to have fresh or residual changes in the lung tissue. Diaskintest in children who were in contact with TB allows to identify a risk group and conduct the necessary additional examination to clarify the diagnosis.

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About the Authors

Anna V. Mordyk, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Phthisiology, Pulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia; amordik@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6196-7256
Maria A. Romanova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Phthisiology, Pulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia; rmari1@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1775-607X
Natalya V. Bagisheva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Outpatient Therapy and Internal Diseases, Omsk State Medical University; Omsk Central District Hospital, Omsk, Russia; ppi100@mail.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3668-1023 (corresponding author)
Anna A. Shapran, Chief Physician, Omsk Central District Hospital, Omsk, Russia; anna-shapran@yandex.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6729-7116
Marina V. Moiseeva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Outpatient Therapy and Internal Medicine, Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia; lisnyak80@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3458-9346
Georgy V. Tretyakov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Phthisiology, Pulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia; gv.tretyakov58@gmail.com
Tatiana A. Kolpakova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Phthisiology, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia

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