On the significance of the state of the antioxidant system and free radical oxidation processes in patients with post-Covid alopecia

Nikolaeva A.Yu., Bitkina O.A., Kosheleva I.V., Kontorschikova K.N., Presnyakova M.V., Dmitrieva A.A., Belcheva M.G., Bitkina E.V.

1) Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; 2) Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia; 3) Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; 4) Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia n.a. Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia

Background. This article is devoted to the problem of free radical oxidation (FRO) of lipids and proteins in patients with hair loss associated with a new coronavirus infection. Information on oxidative stress, FRO processes and the effect of free radicals on tissue is provided. The mechanism of activation of the FRO system during viral infections, incl. COVID-19, is described. Results reflecting the intensity of FRO in patients with post-Covid hair loss were obtained. The results of oxidative modification of proteins were assessed by the level of their carboxyl derivatives and indicators of plasma antioxidant activity. A correlation between FRO processes and disorders of the prothrombotic hemostasis system has been established.
Objective. Comprehensive assessment of the pro- and antioxidant statuses of patients with post-Covid alopecia, identifying correlations between the pro- and antioxidant statuses and microcirculation disorders.
Methods. The state of the FRO of lipids and proteins was assessed in three groups of patients: the main group included 26 female patients with post-Covid alopecia, the comparison group included 13 patients with alopecia of other etiologies, the control group included 10 patients without acute and chronic pathologies, without symptoms of hair loss.
Results. The results of studying blood serum samples from patients using the method of induced biochemiluminescence demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the level of parameter S, characterizing the intensity of FRO, and parameter Z, characterizing the overall antioxidant activity in the group of patients with post-Covid alopecia.
Conclusion. Based on the results of the study and literature data, it can be concluded that oxidative stress and hemostasis disorders occupy a significant place in the pathogenesis of post-Covid alopecia.

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About the Authors

Corresponding author: Anastasia Yu. Nikolaeva, Postgraduate Student, Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; ayunikolaeva@yandex.ru

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