Nutritional risk factors for obesity in young children: analysis of mothers’ diet during pregnancy and the child’s eating behavior
Filipchuk A.V., Dzhumagaziev A.A., Bezrukova D.A., Otto N.Yu., Dzhumagalieva L.R., Bezrukova D.D.
Background: Nutritional factors play a key role in the realization of a genetic predisposition to constitutionally exogenous obesity (CEO) in young children.
Objective: To assess the contribution of maternal nutrition during pregnancy and the child’s postnatal eating behavior to the risk of developing CEO in young children.
Methods: A study of 100 mother and child couples were conducted (48 mothers with a BMI≥25 kg/m2 and 52 with a BMI<25 kg/m2). Maternal nutrition was assessed retrospectively using a standardized questionnaire (42 food groups). The child’s eating behavior was analyzed according to questionnaires and medical documentation. ROC analysis, calculation of AUC and OR were used.
Results: The most significant predictors of the development of obesity are the index of maternal sweet intake (AUC 0.79), artificial feeding (AUC 0.81), the total index of unhealthy eating behavior of the child (AUC 0.84), frequent snacking (AUC 0.77).
Conclusion: Nutritional factors have a high prognostic value and can serve as the basis for personalized prevention of CEO already at the stage of pregnancy and the first months of a child’s life.
For citations: Filipchuk A.V., Dzhumagaziev A.A., Bezrukova D.A., Otto N.Yu., Dzhumagalieva L.R., Bezrukova D.D. Nutritional risk factors for obesity in young children: analysis of mothers’ diet during pregnancy and the child’s eating behavior. Pharmateca. 2026;33(7):54-59. (In Russ.). DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/pharmateca.2026.7.54-59
Authors’ contribution: A.V. Filipchuk – data collection, analysis of the received material, writing the text of the manuscript. A.A. Dzhumagaziev – substantiation of the research concept, design of the research methodology, editing. D.A. Bezrukova – designing research methodology, editing. N.Y. Otto – analysis of the received material, writing the text of the manuscript, editing. L.R. Dzhumagalieva – data collection, analysis of the received material. D.D. Bezrukova – data collection, analysis of the received material.
Conflicts of interest: The authors confirm that they have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Funding: The study was conducted without any sponsorship.
Ethical Approval: The study protocol was approved by the Regional Independent Ethics Committee (protocol No. 12 dated May 15, 2025).
Patient Consent for Publication: All patients provided informed consent for the publication of their data.
Authors’ Data Sharing Statement: The data supporting the findings of this study are available upon request from the corresponding author after approval from the principal investigator.
Keywords
obesity in children
nutrition of pregnant women
eating behavior
nutritional factors
prevention
About the Authors
A.V. Filipchuk, Assistant, Department of Propedeutics of Childhood Diseases, Outpatient and Emergency Pediatrics, Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russia; filipchuk777797@yandex.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1081-5687, eLibrary SPIN: 8860–0823 (corresponding author)A.A. Dzhumagaziev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Propedeutics of Childhood Diseases, Outpatient and Emergency Pediatrics, Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russia; anver_d@mail.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7202-5501
D.A. Bezrukova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Propedeutics of Childhood Diseases, Outpatient and Emergency Pediatrics, Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russia; dina-bezrukova@mail.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6819-5797
N.Yu. Otto, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Propedeutics of Childhood Diseases, Outpatient and Emergency Pediatrics, Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russia; natalia.otto@yandex.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/000-0003-4249-2226
L.R. Dzumagalieva, 6th-year student, Faculty of Pediatrics, Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russia, dzumagalieva.I@list.com, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3611-3838
D.D. Bezrukova, 4th-year student, Faculty of Pediatrics, Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russia, diana.bezrukova.2016@gmail.com, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4047-3042
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