Severe bronchial asthma: mechanism of development, diagnostic methods and main approaches to therapy
P.V. Berezhansky, A.E. Khurgayeva, A.B. Malakhov, T.A. Gutyrchik, N.G. Kolosova, E.V. Deeva
Currently, there is a tendency towards an increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases, including bronchial asthma (BA). Most cases of BA in children are mild, and symptoms are well controlled with timely selection of basic therapy. Despite this, according to some estimates, from 2 to 10% of children have persistent severe bronchial asthma (SBA) and are at risk of life-threatening exacerbations (including asthmatic status), as well as deterioration in quality of life due to progressive remodeling of the airways and decreased ventilatory lung capacity. This can subsequently lead to early disability and socio-economic difficulties for both the children themselves (missed classes, narrowing the range of career choices in the future) and for people caring for them. The global problem of SBA in the world is associated with the risk of death as a result of complications during its course at an early age. That is why timely diagnosis and effective treatment of SBA is one of the most pressing healthcare challenges.
For citations: Berezhansky P.V., Khurgayeva A.E., Malakhov A.B., Gutyrchik T.A., Kolosova N.G., Deeva E.V. Severe bronchial asthma: mechanism of development, diagnostic methods and main approaches to therapy. Farmateka. 2025;32(1 suppl. 1):14-25. (In Russ.). DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/pharmateca.2025.1-s1.14-25
Authors’ contribution: Berezhansky P.V. – concept of the article and research design, editing the article. Khurgaeva A.E. – collecting material and writing an article. Malakhov A.B. – research design, editing the text of the article. Gutyrchik T.A. – writing the text of the article, analyzing the data obtained. Kolosova N.G. – editing the text of the article, literature analysis. Deeva E.V. – research design and analysis of the data obtained.
All authors made significant contributions to the writing of the article and read and approved the final version of the article before publication.
Conflicts of interest: The authors confirm that they have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Funding: The study was conducted without any sponsorship.
Keywords
severe bronchial asthma
phenotypes and endotypes
targeted therapy
About the Authors
Pavel V. Berezhansky, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Pediatric Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Pediatrician, Pulmonology Department, Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital; Associate Professor at the Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Adaptology, Faculty of Continuous Professional Education, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba; Leading Researcher, Department of Pediatrics, Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Healthcare of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russia; p.berezhanskiy@mail.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5235-5303, SPIN-code: 1480-9900Anastasia E. Khurgaeva, Resident Physician in Pediatrics, Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia; ipadmedic@mail.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0887-729X, SPIN-code: 2309-9893 (corresponding author)
Aleksandr B. Malakhov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor at the Department of Pediatric Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Chief External Expert in Pediatric Pulmonology of the Moscow Healthcare Department of and the Ministry of Healthcare of the Moscow Region; Head of the Department of Pediatrics, Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Healthcare of the Moscow Region; Pulmonologist, Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia; alexis4591m@mail.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2686-8284, SPIN-code: 1749-0503
Tatyana A. Gutyrchik, Pediatrician, Pulmonologist, Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia; tanya_2904@list.ru,
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8421-1694, SPIN-code: 9592-5776
Natalia G. Kolosova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor at the Department of Pediatric Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia; kolosovan@mail.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5071-9302, SPIN-code: 7467-4229
Evgenia V. Deeva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Pediatrician, Pulmonologist, Head of the Pulmonology Department, Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia; evgenia.v.deeva@gmail.com, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0352-2563, SPIN-code: 9924-0270
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