Comparative levels of microRNA expression (hsa-miR-29c and hsa-miR-19b) in the blood of patients with Alzheimer’s disease and healthy individuals: biomarker potential
Background: Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. Pathological features include the deposition of extracellular «senile plaques» and «neurofibrillary tangles» in the brain parenchyma, leading to neuronal death and the development of cognitive impairment. The lack of reliable diagnostic methods for Alzheimer’s disease and effective treatment necessitates the search for new biomarkers, such as microRNA (miRNA).Nikolaev V.M., Mestnikova V.N., Krasnova N.M., Asekritova A.S., Tatarinova O.V., Sychev D.A.
Objective: Comparative assessment of the blood expression levels of hsa-miR-29c and hsa-miR-19b in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and cognitively healthy individuals.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted at the Geriatric Center of Republican Clinical Hospital No. 3 in Yakutsk. The sample included 11 patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and 7 healthy controls. MicroRNA expression levels were analyzed using quantitative PCR. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test and ROC analysis.
Results: Decreased expression of hsa-miR-29c and hsa-miR-19b was detected in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. The median expression of miR-29c decreased by 1.5 times, and miR-19b by 78.8 times, but statistical significance was not reached (p=0.495 and p=0.222, respectively). In contrast, the miR 19b/miR 29c ratio discriminated between patients with Alzheimer’s disease and the control group with statistically significant accuracy (AUC=0.817; p=0.039), highlighting its potential as a biomarker.
Conclusion: The results of the study highlight the importance of hsa-miR-29c and hsa-miR-19b as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of Alzheimer’s disease progression. Further studies are required to confirm the obtained data and evaluate their clinical significance. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, microRNA, biomarkers, BACE1, neurodegeneration
Keywords
Alzheimer’s disease
microRNA
biomarkers
BACE1
neurodegeneration
About the Authors
Vyacheslav M. Nikolaev, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Precancerogenesis and Malignant Tumors, Department of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases Epidemiology, Yakutsk Scientific Center for Complex Medical Problems, Yakutsk, Russia; nikolaev1126@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4490-8910, Scopus ID: 57222068565 (corresponding author)Viktoria N. Mestnikova, Neurologist, Republican Clinical Hospital No. 3, Yakutsk, Russia; Vika.mestnikova@mail.ru
Natalia M. Krasnova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia; krasnova14@mail.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000‑0002‑4811‑7801, Scopus ID: 57205162915
Aleksandra S. Asekritova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Center for Predictive Medicine and Bioinformatics, Republican Clinical Hospital No. 3; Associate Professor, Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia; my@asekritova-8.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000‑0002‑5378‑2128, Scopus ID: 57191518340
Olga V. Tatarinova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Chief Physician, Republican Clinical Hospital No. 3; Senior Researcher, Yakut Scientific Center for Complex Medical Problems, Yakutsk, Russia; tov3568@mail.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5499-9524, Scopus ID: 57989647200
Dmitry A. Sychev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the B.E. Votchal Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia; edu@rmapo.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4496-3680, Scopus ID: 7801389135
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