Evaluation of the effectiveness of diet therapy enriched with insoluble dietary fibers in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia

S.A. Derbeneva, S.V. Shmeleva, S.B. Kachalov, L.V. Elgarova

1) Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia; 2) K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, Moscow, Russia; 3) State University of Management, Moscow, Russia; 4) Medical Academy of Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after Kh.M. Berbekov, Nalchik, Russia

Background. The use of dietary fibers in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases has a convincing evidence base. In particular, a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies revealed a significant association between dietary fiber intake and a reduced risk of mortality from all causes in general and from cardiovascular diseases in particular. A 9% reduction in cardiovascular mortality and a 9–11% reduction in coronary artery disease mortality were found with additional dietary fiber intake of 7–10 g/day. Currently, only dietary fiber sources and dosages are the subject of debate in the global medical community. Objective. Evaluation of the effectiveness of diet therapy enriched with insoluble dietary fibers (IDFs) in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP). Methods. An open, single-center prospective study was conducted at the Federal Research Center of Nutrition and Biotechnology. The tolerability and effectiveness of diet therapy enriched with IDFs were assessed, with a daily dietary fiber intake of 38.8 g. The effectiveness was monitored based on the dynamics of the cardiovascular system (CVS) functional activity parameters, anthropometry, and lipid profile. Results. The diet therapy course was shown to be well tolerated, had a beneficial effect on the clinical picture of diseases and the dynamics of clinical and instrumental indices characterizing the functional state of the cardiovascular system, and potentiated the hypotensive and hypolipidemic effects of the diet, with a statistically significant decrease in systolic blood pressure by 20% (p<0.01), diastolic blood pressure by 19%, a significant reduction in total serum cholesterol by 24% (p<0.01), low-density lipoprotein levels by 33% (p<0.01) and the atherogenicity coefficient by 29% (p<0.05). Conclusion. In order to increase the efficiency of correction of existing lipid metabolism disorder and complete prevention of development of cardiovascular diseases, it is advisable, modernly and promising to use sources of IDFs with provision of total daily amount of IDFs in diet of not less than 35 g in patients with HLP.

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About the Authors

S.A. Derbeneva, Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1876-1230
Svetlana V. Shmeleva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, Moscow, Russia; 89151479832@mail.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0390-194X (corresponding author)
S.B. Kachalov, State University of Management, Moscow, Russia; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0887-4995
L.V. Elgarova, Medical Academy of Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after Kh.M. Berbekov, Nalchik, Russia; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7149-7830

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